theory of mimesis Plato and Aristotle

   Name – Dhiman Nisha A.

   Roll No  - 32

   Year - 2014-2016

   Paper -3

      Study – M.A

      SEM - 1

   Topic – theory of mimesis Plato and Aristotle

      Guided by  – Heenaba zala

   Submitted to – Department of  English

      University – Maharaja Krishna kumarsinghji Bhavnagar university

    

v  Introduction

      Aristotle was born in 384 Bc in stagirus. Aristotle is a critic or very famous poetic. He is Greek or philosophical, ethical or politic poet. Aristotle says that the ideal tragic hero be an intermediate kind of person. Aristotle, as writer of  the poetics, has had may a lusty some other critic. All the Aristotle concept of tragedy.    

Plato was a great poet, a mystic and philosopher. Plato is a soul of the tragedy. Plato was born around the year428 BCE in Athens. Plato’s birth name was Aristotle and gained the nick name Platon. It is a Greek literature or illustrated. Mimesis is a modern study of literature. Plato’s poetry divided by madness. They discussion of Aristotle and Plato. 

Ø  Definition of Aristotle…..

      Aristotle was a philosopher. Aristotle is a Greek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of  Alexander the great, and author of work on logic, metaphysic, ethic, natural, sciences, politic, and poetic, he profoundly influenced western though. In his philosophical system, which led him to criticize what he saw as Plato’s metaphysical excesses, theory follows empirical observation and logic, based on the syllogism, is the essential method of  rational inquiry. His work influenced Muslim philosophy and science medieval scholastic philosophy.

      Aristotle is Greek philosopher and scientific who wrote about virtually every area of knowledge, including most of the sciences. Throughout his life he life he made careful observation collected specimens, and summarized all the existing knowledge of the natural world. He pioneered the study of zoology, developing a classification system for all animal and making extensive taxonomic studies. His systemic approach later evolved into the basic scientific method in the western world

Ø  Definition of Plato

    Plato is a Greek philosopher. A follower of Socrates, he presented his ideas through dramatic dialogues, in the most celebrated of which (The Republic) the interlocutors advocate a utopia society ruled by philosophers trained in platonic metaphysics. He taught and wrote he for much of his life at the academy, which he founded her Athens in 386.His influential theory of ideas, which makes a distinction between object of  ideas or forms of  which they are an expression, is formulated in such dialogues as phaedo, symposium.

    A disciple of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, Plato founded the academy in Athens. An integral part of  his thought is the theory of ‘ideas’ of ‘forms’, in which abstract entities or universals are contrasted with their objects or particular in the material world. His philosophical writing are presented in the form of dialogues, with Socrates as the principal speaker; they include the symposium and the Timaeus. Plato’s political theories appear republic, in which he explored the nature and structure of a just society.

      Definition of  Mimesis…..

          Mimesis refer to imitation in particular. It may also refer to imitation or representation of the real world in art and literature or the deliberate. Imitation of the behavior of one group of people by another as a factor in social change. Mimesis is the imitation of  life in art and literature. You probably heart that life imitates art. Well, when art imitates life, it’s mimesis. Originally a Greek word, meaning ‘‘imitation’’, mimesis basically means a copy cat, or a mimic. Mimesis might be found in a play with a realistic setting or in a particular life like status. The word is also used in biology for a disease that show characteristic of another lines. You can remember the definition of mimesis by thinking about mime imitation on action.

Ø  What is meaning of poetry?

    Poetry is an imaginative awareness of experience through meaning, sound, and  rhythmic language choices so as to evoke an emotional response. Poetry has been known to employ meter and rhyme, but this is by no means necessary. Poetry is an ancient from that has gone through numerous and drastic reinvention over time. The very nature of poetry as an authentic and individual mode of expression makes it nearly impossible to define.

    Poetry is the chiseled marble of language; it’s a pain- spattered canvas- but the poet uses words  instead of paint, and the canvas is you. Poetic definition of poetry kind of spiral in on themselves, however, like a dog eating itself from the tail up. Let’s in fact, get gritty. I believe we can render an accessible definition of poetry by simple looking at its from and its purpose.

      Wordsworth said;  

                           ‘‘the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling.’’

      Emily Dickinson said;

                                 ‘‘If I read a book and it makes my body so cold no fire ever can warm me, I know that is poetry.’’

Aristotle is a very great poetic or understanding writer.  There are philosopher poet or critic. In his observation on the nature and function of poetry . Poetry is a art and imaginative poets. Aristotle’s ideas about tragedy were based on his belief. Greek believe that a tragedy or drama because high form of drama.

Aristotle is a different part of a Tragedy .Aristotle is writing in comedy but they are not successful.

v  Tragedy

·        Tragedy is a imitation of a life

·        Aristotle definition of tragedy is defense.

“A tragedy is the imitation of an action that is serious and also, as having magnitude, complete in itself;  in appropriate and pleasurable language…in dramatic rather than the narrative form; with incident arousing pity and fear, wherewith to accomplish a catharsis of this emotion.

                                                                                                -  By Aristotle

Let’s clarify the definition of the Aristotle’s……

* “The imitation of n action that is serious and also, as having magnitude, complete in itself”

            This lines shows that a good tragedy should have one issue that is very serious. There are a sometime having tragedy a trivial or breaking a fingernail. Magnitude deals with the importance. The issue has to be serious and very important. So tragedies deal with sorrow or someone’s death. Complete in itself means that play must stick to the one issue, the audience will get lost in the plot.

* “In appropriate and pleasurable language

            In ancient time, chorus was used to narrate story of some parts of play, their role was to comment on the action of the play. Sometimes they sing a song. Language which is used by chorus should be rhyming and pleasurable to the audience. So the language should be appropriate and pleasurable. But comedy of a poetry are not successful poetry. They are a tragic end of the poetry.   

* “Wherewith to accomplish a catharsis of this emotion

v Catharsis
                 A purifying of the emotion s that is brought about in the audience of  tragic drama through the evocation of intense fear and pity.           

Means that during and after watching play audience has to feel catharsis, the audience has to successfully felt pity and fear.. A catharsis is a purging, or cleansing of emotion - a release of the tension, in a tragedy. They are a tragic feeling on the theory of catharsis. Aristotle is a delightful or permant value of catharsis. They are character of this way.

So, as per above clarification, we can analyze the definition of Tragedy and they have a discussion on the tragedy.

Aristotle’s six part of Tragedy

 (1)        Plot:-

(2)        Character:-

(3)        Thought:-

(4)        Diction:-

(5)        Melody:-

(6)        Spectacle:-

Let’s discuss all element of tragedy one by one. And discuss importance and role of them into tragedy.

                     

(1) Plot:-

Plot is soul of tragedy. It was the most important of six elements. The plot must be complete having unity of action. Aristotle said that plot must be structurally self contained, each action leading inevitably to the next with no outside intervention .Plot’s theory of a mimesis art and art is a truth. Plot is main subject of philosopher in her subject. There are a pleasure of the poetry.  

(i)                 Time

(ii)        Place

(ii)               Action

The episode or acts succeed one another without probable and necessary sequence.. Playwrights should make all scenes which depend on past accident. They have to exclude coincidence from their plot. Plot may be either simple or complex, although complex is better. Place, unity or action is the soul of the tragedy. They are a very simple or immorality of place.

(2) Character:-

Character is a good or epic of the way. Character is important element of tragedy. Character may be mouthpiece of writer. Every character may have their own contribution to develop plot and play, their quality or nature that is revealed in the plot. Aristotle is the tragic hero of the play. They are immoral or sophisticated of the way.   

-          

Character should have following qualities.

 “Good or fine”

 This quality shows morality of character. That whatever protagonist is, it shouldhave moral values. The character must be good and fine someway. He is

character are very good or simple of the way. 

“True to Type (Fitness of Character)”

There are a different character of the play or very particularly of the way.  This quality tells that character should be true type. That his body and physique would be suitable as per requirement of character.

e.g. – Valor is appropriate for a warrior bit nit for woman.

“True to Life (Realistic)”

 Life is a reality and truth to life. They have a philosophical of the play and realistic.  According to this quality character should be realistic. They have to avoid fancy matter in character. The character ha to o live in real life and near surroundings and it must have reality.

(3) Thought

 Though is a very different play of the way .Thought is meaning of powerful or imitated. There are a theme related of thought. It is also called ass theme of play. Theme of play is considered as thought. There is also useful theme in every play. Thought is the power of saying whatever can be said and should be said at each moment of the plot. 

(4) Diction:-

It is fourth and important elements of tragedy.

Diction means Composition of dialogue - Choice of word.

 Play is dialogues are very different or meaning fullness. Plato is dialogue are very ethic or very imitation. contains meaning the clarity with which somebody pronounce words of the meaning in the words which are proper and appropriate to the plot, character, and end of the tragedy. In this category artist discusses the stylistic elements of tragedy; is particularly interested in metaphors. They are very particular of the play.

(5) The Spectacles (Opsis):-

(6) Melody (song):-

Both elements are accessories. The ancient Greek writer or tragedy used melody songs sometimes. They used musical accompaniment. Aristotle said that the music has to blend in the play appropriately. Writer should include the musically expressive quality of something in the pay. Melody is a technical of drama.

 Aristotle is a emotional poet or very every represented of the of the poetry.

-          It is somebody or something that attracts attention by being unpleasant or ridicules.

-          Aristotle recognizes the emotional attraction of spectacle, he argues that superior poet rely on the inner structure of the play rather than spectacles to arouse pity and fear;

As per above discussion we can say that the element of Tragedy is useful to develop plot. It gives contribution to raise action off drama. Aristotle discuss part of a tragedy.   

Ø  Plato as philosopher

             He says that the real or notional word. Plot believe in idealism or reality. They are realistic of the philosopher. Plato is main subject of a philosopher. They dialogue is philosopher or real rule of the way. Plato theory is mimesis theory of imitation. They are very normal way or truth. Plato is a different point of view.

Plato’s objection of the three point of view. There are a view of a very different or simple poetic and discuss of the poetic of view.

Ø Objection from poetry point of view

Ø Objection from philosophical point of view

Ø Objection from the moral point of view

Ø  Objection from poetry point of view

·        This a point of a ‘The Republic’ book 2

·        My point is epic were part of  epic, morality of study.

·        Poetry is not cultivate or children on the poetic.

         

Ø  Objection from philosophical point of view

·        In ‘The Republic’ book.

·        He believe a realize of her reality.  

·        Plot says; The imitation or marker of the image knows nothing of true existence.

          

Ø  Objection from moral point of view

·        There are a point of a book ‘The Republic’

·        Poetry is a emotional but they are not epic.

·        Poet is a imagination or they are a art.

Conclusion

                    Plato is a great poet or philosopher. Aristotle is a natural poetry or very simple language. Aristotle in a six part of tragedy. There in a most important of the Plato. Poetry is imaginative or art. Plato is a soul of a tragedy. Aristotle begins his discourse by admitting that all  arts are imitation. Aristotle or Plato point are very different point of view. Aristotle is not expected of the Plato’s view. Aristotle is a six part of a tragedy in a point of view or Plato’s three objection from point of view. There are a most important of the philosopher point of view. Plato is a point of view a book in ‘The Republic’. Aristotle concept of a tragedy or drametist. Similarly, they can own thought, way of diction and spectacle.